Filipino Farmworkers in Labor, Community, and UFW History #quiz

This is part of the Ethnic Studies History section.

The story of the Delano Manongs isn’t only the story of the Filipino farmworkers, but also of the struggle to have their story recorded, remembered, and situated in UFW history, labor history, and the Filipino diaspora history. I was hoping to distill the story into a couple paragraphs and a few links, but, that was impossible. Different tellings revealed different aspects of a complex story, so I’ve included many links.

Delano Manongs by Marissa Aroy, KVIE Viewfinder, PBS: https://www.pbs.org/video/kvie-viewfinder-delano-manongs/

UFW honors Filipino leadership in the Delano Grape Strike by Cecile Caguingin Ochoa, Filipino Express, 2014, reports on the 40th anniversary celebration of Agbayani Village in Delano, a retirement community for Manongs, built by the labor movement and Filipino communities, and inclusion of Delano Manongs into UFW history.

When Mexicans and Filipinos joined together by Andy Imutan, UFW, one of the original strikers, relating how the strike started with a walkout in Coachella, and how forming unity wasn’t instant, but took work, because Mexicans and Filipinos had been divided by the growers.

Why Every Filipino American Should Know about Larry Itliong by Gayle Romasanta, Smithsonian Institute, 2019, recognizing the work of Dawn Mabalong, author of two children’s books about Little Manila in Stockton, and Larry Itliong. Connects organizing for historic Little Manila by Dillon Delvo, with children’s books and developing education curriculum materials.

The forgotten history of the Filipino laborers who worked with Cesar Chavez by Leslie Berestein Rojas, KPCC SCPR, 2011, writes about the Coachella strike that preceded the Delano strike, and also, the struggle for recognition of AAPI labor actions by John Delloro.

The Radical Roots of the Great Grape Strike by David Bacon, Portside, 2015, situates the 1965 strike and Filipino radical left organizers within labor history and the anti-Communist purges by the CIO, under pressure from the US government’s Red Scare, which wiped out the cannery worker union. Also touches on Filipino cannery workers in Alaska, many who were Manongs who migrated between California and Alaska.

Filipino Manongs & Labor Organizing in the early 1900’s presented by Carol Ojeda-Kimbrough, 2020, a video presentation, discusses labor organizing by Filipinos, including in independent unions, the ILWU, CIO, AWOC, and UFW. Discusses Hawaii as well as California, and violence against Filipinos.

COACHELLA VALLEY: Filipinos’ 1965 strike set stage for farm labor cause by Press Enterprise, source material from Christian Trajano, 2005, covers the Coachella strike in more detail, and discusses the life and work of Manongs, and also some grower perspectives.

Remembering the Manongs and Story of the Filipino Farm Worker Movement by Dennis Arguelles, National Parks Conservation Association, 2017, writes an immigrant worker history of the Manongs, concluding with the identification of The 40 Acres, site of former headquarters of the UFW, and Agbayani Village, and the Filipino Community Hall, as sites for historic preservation. Sidebar about the first three waves of Asian farm labor immigration: Chinese, Japanese, and Filipino.

The Forgotten Filipino American Activist Behind the Delano Grape Strike by Paul Mejia, Atlas Obscura, 2018, writes about the backstory of writing the Larry Itliong book, with quotes from Gayle Romasanta and Dawn Mabalon.

Quiz

2 Comments

Taiji Miyagawa

Cesar Chavez gets all the props. They are not undeserved, but many do not know that it was the Filipinos that initiated the great Grape Strike. Itliong, Philip Vera Cruz did not get the praise they deserved.

Also, later, Chavez had screwed up views on Philippines dictator Fernando Marcos, getting all cozy with someone who attacked workers in the Philippines. This prompted Philip Vera Cruz to quit the UFW, though in his later years, he said that he thought that he should have stayed within the UFW to fight for democracy.

Another suggested read: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/America_Is_in_the_Heart

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